Home / Featured / केदारनाथ पाठक: हिन्दी नवजागरण दुर्ग के फाटक

केदारनाथ पाठक: हिन्दी नवजागरण दुर्ग के फाटक

यह लेख उस शख़्सियत पर है जिसकी हिंदी सेवा को भुला दिया गया। लिखा है सुरेश कुमार ने-

====================

सन् 2008 की बात है कि एम.ए. में आचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल का द्वारा लिखित ‘हिन्दी साहित्य का  इतिहास’ पढ़ते  हुए केदारनाथ पाठक का नाम सुना था. मेरे मन उसी समय इनके संबंध में जानने की इच्छा हुई लेकिन कहीं जानकारी नहीं मिली. इधर, शोधकार्य करते समय नवजागरण कालीन हिन्दी साहित्य की पत्रिकाओं की पुरानी फाइल देखते समय केदारनाथ पाठक का चित्र मिला. इसके बाद इनके संबंध में  जहां थोड़ी बहुत समाग्री मिली नोट करता गाया. यह लेख उसी समाग्री के आधार पर लिखा गया है. नवजागरण काल के इतिहास में भारतेन्दु हरिश्चन्द्र, बालकृष्ण भट्ट, प्रतापनारायण मिश्र, राधाचरण गोस्वामी पंडित बदरीनारायण चैधरी ‘प्रेमघन’ और बाबू श्यामसुन्दर दास आदि विद्वानों ने हिन्दी साहित्य और भाषा को स्थापित करने में अमूल्य योगदान दिया है. नवजागरणकाल में हिन्दी भाषा के प्रचार-प्रसार के लिए दो तरह के दल सक्रिय थे. इनमें एक दल  लेखकों का था जिसने  नागरी भाषा में साहित्य का सृजन कर हिन्दी भाषा के प्रति जनता की ललक पैदा की. दूसरा दल हिन्दी सेवियों का था जिन्होंने हिन्दी  को जनमानस के बीच ले जाने का काम किया.

                                                      (एक)

   केदारनाथ पाठक नवजागरण काल के महान हिन्दी सेवी थे. इन्होंने नागरी भाषा के लिए अपना सर्वस्व अर्पित कर दिया था. केदारनाथ पाठक का जन्म सन् 1870 में मिर्जापुर में हुआ था. इनकी शिक्षा मिशनरी स्कूल में हुई थी. इनके पिता का नाम पीतांबर पाठक था. इनके पितामह गिरधारीलाल पाठक मेरठ से  प्रयाग में आकर बस गए थे. इसके बाद  जीविकोपार्जन के लिए काशी भी गए. काशी में कुछ दिन रहने  के बाद इनके पूर्वज मिर्जापुर में स्थाई रुप बस गए थे. केदारनाथ पाठक जब तीन साल के थे, तब इनके पिता का निधन हो गया था.  केदारनाथ पाठक का विवाह काशी के प्रतिष्ठित व्यक्ति छेदीलाल तिवारी की कन्या सरस्वती से हुआ था. गृहस्थ जीवन की जिम्मेदारी के कारण पाठक जी मिर्जापुर की  जार्डिन फैक्टरी में काम करने लगे थे.  इस फैक्टरी का वातावरण इनके मन के अनुकूल न होने के कारण नौकरी छोड़ दी. इसके बाद हिन्दी के प्रतिष्ठत साहित्यकार पंडित बदरीनारायण के यहां ‘आनन्द कादंबिनी’प्रेस में काम करने लगे. जहां इनका परिचय हिन्दी के अनेक विद्वानों और  लेखकों से  हुआ. इन लेखकों की सोहबत में इनके मन में हिन्दी सेवा का बीज अंकुरित हुआ .

  यह बड़ी दिलचस्प बात है कि केदारनाथ पाठक के यहां हिन्दी की प्रसिद्ध लेखिका बंग महिला के पिता रामप्रसन्न घोष किरायेदार बनकर रहते थे. सन् 1893 में केदारनाथ पाठक  इटावा चले गए. वहां इनकी मुलाकात प्रसिद्ध लेखक गदाधर सिंह से हुई. गदाधरसिंह की सहायता से इटावा में इन्हे गंगालहर के आफिस में नौकरी मिल गई. इस दौरान देवकीनंदन खत्री का उपन्यास ‘चन्द्रकान्ता’प्रकाशित होकर धूम मचा रहा था. सन् 1894 में केदारनाथ पाठक देवकीनंदन खत्री के उपन्यास ‘चन्द्रकान्ता’ की दिवानगी में इटावा छोड़कर काशी की तरफ चल दिए.

                                                             (दो)

   सन् 1893 में नागरी-प्रचारिणी सभा की स्थापना बनारस में होती है. नागरी-प्रचारिणी सभा ने सन् 1896 में हिन्दी  भाषा को अदालतों में लागू करने का प्रस्ताव ब्रिटिश हुकूमत को भेजने पर विचार किया जाता है. नागरी-प्रचारिणी सभा के सभापतियों ने यह तय किया कि पंडित मदनमोहन मालवीय के नेतृत्व में ब्रिटिश सरकार को ‘कोर्ट-केरेक्टर नागरी मेमोरियल  भेजा जाए. इस मेमोरियल पर जनता हिन्दी समर्थकों के हस्ताक्षर चाहिए थे. इस कार्य के लिए नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा को एक उपयुक्त व्यक्ति की तलाश थी. बाबू राधाकृष्ण दास ने केदारनाथ पाठक को इस काम के लिए उपयुक्त समझा. इस कठिन कार्य को पाठक जी ने अपने हाथ लेकर ‘कोर्ट-केरेक्टर नागरी मेमोरियल’पर दस्तखत करवाने के लिए निकल पड़े. आप कल्पना कर सकते हैं कि ब्रिटिश सरकार के चलते इस मेमोरियल पर दस्तखत करवाना केदारनाथ पाठक के लिय कितना कठिन कार्य रहा होगा. केदरारनाथ पाठक ‘हंस’ प 1931 में प्रकाशित अपने आत्मकथ्य मे लिखते हैं : ‘‘सन् 1896 में  काशी नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा की ओर से, एक  प्रार्थना-पत्र पश्चिमो त्तर प्रदेश (वर्तमान में संयुक्तप्रांत)की सरकार के पास, इस आशय से भेजने के  लिए कि – हम लोग सरकार से देवनागरी जारी करने की प्रार्थना करते है. एक डेपुटेशन, प्रजा का हस्ताक्षर करने के लिए, वर्ष तक इस प्रान्त  भर में पर्यटन करता रहा.” इस मेमोरियल पर हस्ताक्षर करवाने  जब पाठक जी कानपुर पहुंचे तो इनकी मुलाकात हिन्दी के प्रसिद्ध सेवक और मर्चेन्ट प्रेस के मालिक बाबू सीताराम से हुई. सन 1885 में बाबू सीताराम ने  ‘भारतोदय’नामक एक  दैनिक पत्र निकाला था. इधर, राधाकृष्ण दास भारतेन्दु की स्मृति में एक पत्र निकालना चाह रहे थे. वे काफी प्रयास के बाद पत्र नहीं निकाल सके. तब ‘भारतोदय’के संपादक बाबू सीताराम ने राधाकृष्ण दास को एक पत्र. लिखा था. पाठक जी इस पत्र का उल्लेख ‘हंस में प्रकाशित अपने आत्मकथ्य में करते हैं. वह पत्र इस प्रकार है,-

                                                      21 अप्रैल 1885

प्रिय मित्र,

कुछ देखा –सुनाभारतोदय का जन्म जन्माष्टमी ही को है. यह नित्यमेव प्रकाश करेगा,केवल रविवार को नहीं . लो बसलेखनी को सुधारोंकागज को उठाओ. लेखों की मरामारी से नागरी की इस क्यारी में तुम भी न्यारी ही कर लो. यह चार यारों राधाकृष्ण,चरण,प्रताप और राम कीचारयारी है. इसे बांटो अपने मान के गट्टे खोलो. लिखोकहा तक लिखोगे. प्रिय यदि आज्ञा होतो इस निसहाय हिन्दू को ही प्रथम भारतोदय में ही प्रकाशित कर डाले.

आपका अभिन्न

सीताराम

इस पत्र में चरण-राधाचरण गोस्वामी ,प्रताप- पडित प्रतापनरायण मिश्र और राम- सीताराम है. यह पत्र इस बात की गवाही देता है कि उस दौर में हिन्दी के लिए लेखक कितने समर्पित थे.

  केदारनाथ पाठक ब्रिटिश सरकार के जुल्मों की परवाह किए बगैर कानपुर, लखनऊ, बलिया, गाजीपुर, गोरखपुर, इटावा, अलींगढ़, मेरठ, हरदोई, देहरादून, फैजाबाद आदि  इलाकों से मेमोरियल हस्ताक्षर प्राप्त कर नागरी प्रचारिणी के सभापतियों को सौंप दिया. बाबू श्यामसुन्दर दास अपनी आत्मकथा  ‘आत्मकहानी (1941 ) में केदारनाथ पाठक के योगदान के सम्बन्ध में लिखा है : ‘‘इस स्थान पर मैं पंडित केदारनाथ पाठक की सेवा का संक्षेप में उल्लेख करना चाहता हूं ये हिन्दी के बड़े पुराने भक्तों और सेवकों में थे. इन्होंने सभा के पुस्तकालय का कार्य अनेक वर्षो तक बड़ी लगन से किया है. ये सच्चे हृदय से सभा की शुभकामना करते थे. नागरी के आंदोलन के समय इन्होंने अनेक नगरों में घूमकर मेमोरियल पर सर्वसाधारण जनता के हस्ताक्षर प्राप्त किए थे और इस कार्य में उन्हें पुलिस की हिरासत में रहना पड़ा था. पाठक जी का परिचय बहुत से लेखकों से था. यदि वे अपने संस्मरण लिख जाते तो बड़े मनोरंजक होते.

  केदारनाथ पाठक ने नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा की बड़ी सेवा की थी. वे इसके प्रचार-प्रसार के लिए देश के भिन्न-भिन्न प्रांतों में जाकर नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा के कार्य के बारे में लोगों को बताते और हिन्दी पढ़ने के लिए लगातार लोगों को उत्साहित करते थे. केदारनाथ पाठक सभा का प्रचार करने के लिए जब बिहार पहुंचे वहां अयोध्यासिंह उपाध्याय के गुरु सुमेर सिंह इनकी हिन्दी सेवा से काफी प्रभावित हुए . शिवनंदन सहाय और गोपीकृष्ण को नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा का महत्व बताकर, केदारनाथ पाठक बांकीपुर  के प्रसिद्ध विद्वान काशीप्रसाद जायसवाल को हिन्दी साहित्य की सेवा करने के लिए  प्रेरित किया. केदारनाथ पाठक जी के कहने पर बाद में काशीप्रसाद जायसवाल नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा के सभापति भी बने.

                                                                  (तीन)

  नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा में जितनी महत्वपूर्ण घटनाए घटी केदारनाथ पाठक उन के गवाह रहें. इस महत्वपूर्ण घटना में ‘हिन्दी शब्दसागर शब्दकोश का निर्माण भी शामिल था. बाबू श्यामसुन्दर दास कोश के प्रधान संपादक चाहते थे, कोश-कार्य उनकी देखरेख में शीघ्र पूरा किया जा सके, इसलिए बाबू साहब कोश कार्यालय को काशी से कश्मीर ले जाने का विचार किया. जब बाबू श्यामसुंदर दास ने  कोश कार्यालय को काशी से कश्मीर ले जाने की बात की तो नागरी प्रचारिणी के कार्यकर्ताओं के बीच अनबन हो गई . सभा के कुछ लोग चाहते थे कि कोश-कार्य कश्मीर में ना होकर सभा में ही किया जाए लेकिन बाबू श्यामसुंदर दस  इसके लिए राजी न हुये. इस बात को लेकर दोनों पक्षों में झगड़ा हुआ. सभा के कुछ  लोग श्यामसुन्दर दास के विरोध में चले गए और केदारनाथ पाठक पर भी आरोप लगे.  केदारनाथ पाठक यह  निश्चय किया कि बाबू श्यामसुन्दर दास ही नागरी प्रचारिणी की आत्मा हैं. केदारनाथ पाठक ने श्यामसुन्दर दास के पक्ष में माहौल बनाने का काम किया,और उन पर लगे आक्षेपों का अपनी ओर से खण्ड़न किया. इनकी मेहनत रंगलाई और कोश नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा से ही प्रकाशित हुआ. यदि केदारनाथ पाठक जी ने पहल न की होती तो शायद यह ऐतिहासिक शब्दकोश नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा से प्रकाशित नहीं होता. क्योंकि श्यामसुन्दर दास का विरोधी खेमा इस शब्दकोश को स्वतंत्र रुप से प्रकाशित करने का विचार बना चुका था.

                                                                   (चार)

   केदारनाथ पाठक का महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी से घनिष्ठ सम्बन्ध था. इनकी, महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी से जुड़ने की कहानी बड़ी दिलचस्प है. सन् 1892 की बात है कि कोई लड़का महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी की पुस्तक  ‘देवी स्तुति शतक’ कहीं से ले आया . केदारनाथ पाठक ने यह पुस्तक उस लड़के से दो आने में खरीद ली. इस पुस्तक को पढ़कर केदारनाथ़ पाठक द्विवेदी जी से काफी प्रभावित हुए. केदारनाथ पाठक बताते हैं कि महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी वेक्टेश्वर और हिन्दी के एक मात्र दैनिक समाचार ‘हिन्दुस्थान’ में अवधवासी सीताराम द्वारा अनूदित कालीदास के ‘मेघदूत’ और ‘ऋतुसंहार’ पर लेखमाला के रुप में समालोचना प्रारम्भ किया था. इसको लेकर तत्कालीन हिन्दी जगत में काफी चर्चा छिड़ गई थी. इसके बाद द्विवेदी जी ने सीताराम की लिखित पुस्तक ‘शिक्षावली’ को संशोधित कर पुस्तक के रुप में छपाकर ब्रिटिश सरकार के पास भेज दी. इसके बाद सीताराम के पुत्र कौशल किशोर को मेघदूत और कुमारसंभव की आलोचना असहनीय लगी. इन्होंने कलकता से निकलने वाले ‘भारत मित्र’ में  दिवेदी के खिलाफ आलोचना छपवाई. इस आलोचना का उद्देश्य यह था कि द्विवेदी जी की त्रुटियां गिनाई जाए. इसके बाद महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी ने ‘कुमारसंभव’का अनुवाद करके नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा को प्रकाशित करने के लिए भेज दिया.

 सन् 1900 में महावीरप्रसाद दिवेदी  ने नागरी प्रचारिणी पत्रिका में ‘नैषध चिरित्र’ शीर्षक से एक लेख लिखा जिसको लेकर ‘सुदर्शन’के संपादक माधवप्रसाद मिश्र ने आलोचना की. ‘सरस्वती’ पत्रिका की संपादक समिति के टूटने के बाद इन्डियन प्रेस के मालिक चिंतामाणी घोष ने बीस रुपये मासिक वेतन पर बाबू श्यामसुन्दर दास को सरस्वती का संपादक नियुक्त कर दिया. इसी बीच द्विवेदी जी का ‘सरस्वती’ में ‘नायिका भेद’ लेख प्रकाशित हुआ जिसको लेकर हिन्दी जगत में काफी चर्चा हुई. सन 1903 में इन्डियन प्रेस के मालिक चिंतामाणि घोष ने महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी को ‘सरस्वती’ के संपादन कार्य के लिए राजी कर लिया. महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी 1903 में सरस्वती पत्रिका के संपादक बन गए. कुछ दिन निकालने के बाद ‘सरस्वती’लगातार घाटे में जा रहा थी. इसके चलते चिंतामणि घोष ने ‘सरस्वती’पत्रिका को बन्द करने का मन बना लिया था. केदारनाथ पाठक को जब यह बात पता चली तो उन्होंने विभिन्न प्रांतों में घूम-घूम कर सरस्वती का प्रचार-प्रसार कर हजारों पाठकों को पत्रिका से जोड़कर ग्राहक बनाया. कल्पना कीजिए यदि पाठक जी ने प्रचार-प्रसार नहीं किया होता तो शायद सरस्वती पत्रिका बंद हो जाती.

   केदारनाथ पाठक नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा के जन्मकाल से ही जुड़ गए थे. इसलिए सभा के प्रति उनका असीम लगाव और अनुराग था. वे किसी भी हाल में नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा की आलोचना बर्दाश्त नहीं करते थे. नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा की आलोचना करने वाले लोगों को मुंहतोड़ जवाब दिया करते थे.

महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी ने सन् 1904 के सरस्वती में  सन् 1901 की नागरी प्रचारिणी पुस्तक खोज की रिपोर्ट की कड़ी निंदा छाप दी. केदारनाथ पाठक ‘सरस्वती’ पत्रिका में छपे इस लेख को पढ़कर महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी जी से काफी नाराज हुए. महावीर प्रसाद द्विवेदी उस समय जूही, कानपुर में नौकरी करते थे. केदारनाथ पाठक ने एक डण्डा उठाकर महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी जी को सबक सीखाने के लिए कानपुर की ओर चल दिए. श्रीसांवरलाल नागर ने इस घटना को ‘हंस (1934) में प्रकाशित लेख  में इस तरह दर्ज किया हैं ‘‘पाठक जी बीजावर (बुदेलखण्ड )में खोज का काम कर थे. लेख पढकर आग बबूला हो गये. डण्ड़ा उठाया  और जूही (कानपुरजा पहुंचे.  रामराम जय श्री कृष्णद्विवेदी जी को देखते ही बोले– सभा के कार्यो की इतनी कड़ी समालोचना का हम किस प्रकार उत्तर दें.– द्विवेदी जी महाराज ने परख लिया . बोले – देवताठहर जाओं,अभी आता हूं. भीतर गयेएक हाथ में गिलासजिसपर एक सुन्दर रिकाबी में मिठाई रखी थी और दूसरे हाथ में पानी का लोटा लिए हुए बाहर आयेलाकर पाठक जी के सामने रख दिया और एक मोटा डण्ड़ा भी सामने ला रखा.मुस्कुराते हुए द्विवेदी जी बोले– सुदूर प्रवास से थके –मांदे  रहे होपहले हाथ मुंह धोकर जलपान करके सबल हो जाओंतब यह लाठी और यह मेरा मस्तक है. इस सद्व्यवहार ने पाठक जी का कण्ठ रुद्ध कर दिया गंगाजमुना की धारा नेत्रों से बहने लगी|” यह प्रंसग किसी भी साहित्यिक पाठक को झकझोर कर रख देता है. इस व्यवहार के बाद पाठक जी द्विवेदी जी के कायल हो गए थे.

‘सरस्वती में नागरी प्रचारिणी की तीखी आलोचना छपने के बाद द्विवेदी जी का सभा में जाना बंद हो गया था. महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी और बाबू श्यामसुन्दर दास दो ध्रुव पर खडे थे. महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी काशी आते थे लेकिन नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा में कदम नहीं रखते थे. इसी समय हिन्दी-साहित्य-सम्मेलन का प्रथम अधिवेशन काशी में होना तय हुआ. इस अवसर पर सम्मेलन के सभापति पंडित मदनमोहन मालवीय जी ने महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी से आग्रह किया कि सम्मेलन में जरुर आएं. महावीरप्रसाद द्विवेदी  काशी आएं लेकिन सम्मेलन में सामिल नहीं हुए. जब द्विवेदी जी काशी आते थे तो केदारनाथ  पाठक को पूर्व ही सूचित कर दिया करते थे. केदारनाथ पाठक सभा से छुट्टी लेकर कंम्पनी बाग में दोनों विद्वान साहित्य पर घंटों चर्चा किया करते थे.

                                                        (पाँच)

   केदारनाथ पाठक हिन्दी क्षेत्र के सर्वजानिक निर्माता थे. इन्होंने हिदी क्षेत्र में कई बड़े लेखक पैदा किए. यह बात जानकर अश्चर्य होगा कि बंग महिला को हिन्दी की लेखिका बनाने में केदारनाथ पाठक का अमूल्य योगदान है. यह बात पहले ही बता चुका हूँ कि बंग महिला के पिता रामप्रसन्न घोष केदारनाथ पाठक के यहां किराएदार बनकर रहते थे. बंग महिला के पिता रामप्रसन्न घोष मिर्जापुर में जार्डिन कम्पनी में काम करते थे. इन्होंने अपने प्रभाव के चलते केदारनाथ पाठक को जार्डिन कम्पनी में सहकारी हाजिरीनवीस के पद पर तैनात करवा दिया था.  सन् 1882 में बंग महिला का जन्म मिर्जापुर के जिस मकान में हुआ था-वह मकान केदारनाथ पाठक का ही था. शुरुआत के दिनों में जब बंग महिला कोई लेख लिखती तो पाठक  जी काफी सहायता करते थे. सन् 1909 में बंग महिला के पिता की मृत्यु हो गई थी. पिता की मृत्यु के बाद केदारनाथ पाठक ने बंग महिला के अभिवावक की भूमिका निभाई. आचार्य रामचंद्र शुक्ल को बंग महिला से मिलवाने वाले केदारनाथ पाठक ही थे. नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा से बंग महिला की किताब ‘कुसुम संग्रह आचार्य रामचंद्र शुक्ल के संपादन में सन् 1911 में प्रकाशित हुई थी, इसके पीछे पाठक जी का ही प्रयास था. इस किताब की भूमिका में केदारनाथ  पाठक जी के योगदान के संबन्ध में लिखा हैं-‘‘हम पंडित केदारनाथ पाठक को  भी धन्यवाद दिये बिना नहीं रह सकते है, जिनके असीम अनुग्रह से हमें प्रस्तुत पुस्तक  पनः प्रकाशनार्थ प्राप्त हुई है.” केदारनाथ पाठक को कम से कम इस बात का श्रेय दिया जाना चाहिए कि वे हिन्दी के क्षेत्र में एक लेखिका को लेकर आए.

  हिन्दी साहित्य के इतिहास में आचार्य रामचंद्र शुक्ल जितने  केदारनाथ पाठक के आभारी हैं, उतना शायद किसी लेखक के नहीं होंगे. आचार्य शुक्ल जी ने ‘हिन्दी साहित्य का इतिहास’में आधुनिक काल  लिखते समय अधिकांश सामग्री केदारनाथ पाठक से प्राप्त की  थी.  रामचन्द्र शुक्ल ने राधाकृष्ण दास की जो जीवनी लिखी है उसकी भी समाग्री केदारनाथ पाठक ने ही उपलब्ध कराई थी.  आचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल को बदरीनरायण चौधरी और बाबू श्यामसुन्दर दास से मिलवाने वाले केदार नाथ पाठक ही थे. बाबू श्यामसुन्दर दास ने अपनी आत्मकथा ‘आत्मकहानी’ में लिखा हैं : ‘‘चन्द्रावती अथवा नासिकेतोपाख्यान-सदल मिश्र द्वारा लिखित जब कल्कते में मै एशियाट सुसाइटी की हस्त लिखित पुस्तकों की नोटिस कर रहा था तब  इस पुस्तक की प्राति वहां मिली थी. वहां से मैने इसे मंगनी में मगाया. यह मेरे पास रखी हुई थी कि  एक दिन  केदारनाथ पाठक पंडित रामचंद्र शुक्ल को मेरे पास मिलाने लाए. उन्होंने कहा शुक्ल जी से कुछ काम लीजिए. उस समय शुक्ल जी लंडन मिशन स्कूल में ड्रांइग मास्टर थे. मैंने उन्हें चन्द्रावाली की हस्तलिखित प्रति देकर कहा कि इसकी शुद्धतापूर्वक  साफ -साफ नकल कर लाए. असल में प्रति के बीच का एक पन्ना गायब था. इसको इन्होंने वैसा ही छोड़ दिया. मैने इसकी पूर्ति संस्कृत ग्रन्थ से की और यह अंश छाया प्रति के कोष्ठकों में दिया गया. इस ग्रन्थ से पहले पहल मेरा परिचय पंडित रामचंद्र शुक्ल से हुआ.” आचार्य शुक्ल को मिरजापुर से काशी लाने में केदारनाथ पाठक का  अंहम योगदान था. रामचन्द्र वर्मा ने ‘हिन्दी साहित्य कोश’ में  लिखते हैं- ‘‘आचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल को मिर्जापुर से काशी लाने और नागरीप्रचारिणी सभा से संबद्ध कराने में ये प्रमुख कारण थे.” आचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल और केदारनाथ पाठक के बीच घनिष्ठ संबन्ध था.  बैजनाथ सिंह द्वारा संपादित किताब ‘दिवेदी युग के साहित्यकारों के कुछ पत्र’ आखिरी अध्याय में आचार्य शुक्ल के द्वारा केदारनाथ पाठक को लिखे गए पत्र संकलित है.  इन पत्रों को से अंदाजा लगाया जा सकता है कि दोनों विद्वान एक दूसरे के सुख-दुख के साथी थे.  आचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल का नवम्बर, 1905 में  केदारनाथ पाठक को लिखा गया पत्र का यह हिस्सा देखिए-

‘प्रियवर मुझे स्वप्न में यह विश्वास नहीं हो सकता  कि आप ऐसे सुहृद् और स्नेही मित्र मेरे निकट आने में उन कंटकों की परवाह करेंगा. वे उन कंटकों का मर्दन करेंगे, उन्हे पददलित करेंगे. आपको मेरे ऊपर रुष्ट न होना चाहिए,दया करनी चाहिए. मेरी दशा की ओर ध्यान देना चाहिए. चारों ओर बवंडर    चल रहा है.

                                                          आपका

किकर्तव्यविमूढ़ रामचन्द्र शुक्ल’

  केदारनाथ पाठक की प्रसिद्धि का अनुमान इस बात से लगाया जा सकता है कि उन्हें हिन्दी साहित्य का  ‘जीवित विश्व कोश’ कहा जाता था. श्री जगन्नाथ चतुर्वेदी केदारनाथ पाठक को ‘हिन्दी साहित्य- दुर्ग के फाटक’ कहते थे. किशोरीलाल जी के शब्दों में  यह हिन्दी साहित्य के ‘आधार स्तम्भ’ के रुप में जाने जाते थे. लाला भगवानदीन इनको हिन्दी साहित्य का ‘पेट्रियाकर्’ मानते थे.  रामचन्द्र शुक्ल ने अपने ‘हिन्दी साहित्य का इतिहास’ की भूमिका में यह बात बड़ी ईमानदारी के साथ स्वीकार की है कि ‘आधुनिक काल’ लिखते समय हमारे पुराने मित्र केदारनाथ पाठक ही काम आएं हैं. पर आज तक इन्हें धन्यवाद किसी बात के लिए नहीं दिया है, और ना ही देने की हिम्मत कर सकता हूँ . ‘धन्यवाद’ को वे ‘आजकल की एक बदमाशी समझते हैं.’ केदारनाथ पाठक हिन्दी के अद्भुत विद्वान और महान हिन्दी सेवी थे. उन्होंने हिन्दी भाषा के प्रति लोगों को जागरुक किया. नवजागरणकाल की तमाम घटनाओं के गवाह रहे. नागरी प्रचारिणी पुस्तकालय के अध्यक्ष भी रहे. जब सभा पर कोई विपत्ति आई केदारनाथ पाठक जी ढाल बनकर खडे रहे. वे एक गंभीर शोधार्थी भी थे. इन्होंने कई दुर्लभ हिन्दी पुस्तकों की खोज भी की थी . अपनी पढ़ाकू प्रवत्ति से न जाने कितने साहित्यिक चारों के चेहरे को बेनकाब किया था. हिन्दी का कोई ऐसा लेखक नहीं रहा होगा जिसने किताब लिखते समय पाठक जी से मदद न ली हो.  श्री सांवलजी नागर ने ‘ हंस’ (1934) में इनके योगदान पर उचित टिप्पणी की है-

      ‘‘वास्तव में पाठक जी साहित्योद्यान के अद्भुत माली हैं. न जाने कितने ही वृक्ष  इन्होंने पाल-पोसकर तैयार किये हैं. न जाने कितनी ही साहित्यिक चोरियाँ बरामद कर गन्दी डालियों को साहित्य-उपवन से पृथक किया है. कीड़े और कांटों से बाग की रक्षा करने में इन्होंने अपना जीवन समर्पण कर दिया है; परन्तु यह हिन्दी-साहित्य के लिए अत्यन्त लज्जा और शोक की बात है कि ऐसे चतुर माली की इस जर्जर अवस्था में हम ठीक-ठाक रक्षा का उपाय नहीं कर सकते. वे कौड़ी- कौड़ी को आजकर मोहताज रहें, पर मुखापेक्षी रहें, कभी -कभी निराहार रह जाएँ और उनकी सहायता से लिखे गये ग्रंन्थों से लेखक  धन कमावे, मौज करें; पर उनकी अवस्था का कुछ भी ख्याल न करे यह महान कंलक है.’’

 श्री सांवलजी नागर के लेख से पता चलता है कि इस महान हिन्दी सेवी के अंतिम  जीवन बड़ी कठिनाई से गुजरा होगा. विडंबना यह कि ‘हिन्दी साहित्य का इतिहास’ पढ़ने और पढाने वाले विद्वानों ने इस महान हिन्दी सेवी की कभी खोज खबर नहीं ली. आखिर, यह कौन था जिसको आचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल भी  ‘धन्यवाद’देने की हिम्मत  नहीं जुटा पा रहे थे.

=====

                                              मो.08009824098

Suresh Kumar
Department of Hindi
University of lucknow

lucknow-226007

 
      

About Prabhat Ranjan

Check Also

अनुकृति उपाध्याय से प्रभात रंजन की बातचीत

किसी के लिए भी अपनी लेखन-यात्रा को याद करना रोमांच से भरने वाला होता होगा …

123 comments

  1. Hey just wanted to give you a quick heads up.
    The text in your article seem to be running off the
    screen in Firefox. I’m not sure if this is a formatting issue
    or something to do with internet browser compatibility but I
    thought I’d post to let you know. The layout look great though!

    Hope you get the problem solved soon. Cheers

  2. Hello, just wanted to say, I loved this post. It was inspiring.
    Keep on posting!

  3. Link exchange is nothing else except it is just placing the other
    person’s blog link on your page at proper place and
    other person will also do similar for you.

  4. Hello there, You have done a fantastic job.
    I will definitely digg it and personally recommend to my friends.
    I’m confident they will be benefited from this site.

  5. What a information of un-ambiguity and preserveness of precious
    know-how concerning unpredicted emotions.

  6. Hey There. I discovered your blog the use of msn. That is a very neatly written article.
    I’ll be sure to bookmark it and return to learn extra of your useful info.
    Thanks for the post. I’ll certainly return.

  7. You can obtain limitless videos from 1000’s of websites, and you can do
    this in bulk.

  8. fantastic issues altogether, you simply received a new reader.
    What might you suggest about your put up that you simply made a few days
    in the past? Any sure?

  9. You can simply get your palms on videos via this facility,
    because it fetches high-quality recordsdata shared on Twitter.

  10. Once you press return, youtube-dl will save the video to your desktop.

  11. The algorithm of YouTube changes frequently, so Gihosoft TubeGet will improve the code
    accordingly, together with fixing bugs and adding new features.

  12. It is perfect for downloading music for offline listening on any gadget.

  13. you are actually a good webmaster. The site
    loading speed is amazing. It sort of feels that you’re doing any
    distinctive trick. In addition, The contents are masterpiece.

    you’ve done a wonderful activity on this matter!

  14. It puts a button below whichever video you’re taking half in on YouTube, even an embedded YouTube video, making
    the video straightforward to grab.

  15. We have efficiently constructed the youtube video downloader
    project in Python utilizing this project.

  16. 4K video or HD movies – all movies may be downloaded with VDownloader.

  17. It’s high quality is assured and we would sincerely recommend to
    our

  18. PCMag helps Group Black and its mission to extend greater variety in media voices and media ownerships.

  19. I could not resist commenting. Perfectly written!

  20. Hi there, I found your web site via Google at the same time as searching for a comparable topic, your web site got here up, it appears good. I have bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.

  21. What a information of un-ambiguity and preserveness of precious knowledge concerning unexpected feelings.

  22. Hey there just wanted to give you a quick heads up and let you know a few of the images aren’t loading correctly. I’m not sure why but I think its a linking issue. I’ve tried it in two different internet browsers and both show the same results.

  23. Superb site you have here but I was wanting to know if you knew of any message boards that cover the same topics talked about in this article? I’d really love to be a part of online community where I can get advice from other knowledgeable individuals that share the same interest. If you have any recommendations, please let me know. Bless you!

  24. I’m not sure why but this blog is loading extremely slow for me. Is anyone else having this issue or is it a problem on my end? I’ll check back later and see if the problem still exists.

  25. This is a topic that is close to my heart… Take care! Where are your contact details though?

  26. Hi there great blog! Does running a blog similar to this take a massive amount work? I have no knowledge of programming but I was hoping to start my own blog soon. Anyway, if you have any suggestions or tips for new blog owners please share. I know this is off topic nevertheless I just needed to ask. Thank you!

  27. It’s remarkable to go to see this web site and reading the views of all friends regarding this post, while I am also eager of getting experience.

  28. Appreciation to my father who told me about this website, this webpage is actually remarkable.

  29. Hi, i think that i saw you visited my weblog so i got here to go back the favor?.I am trying to in finding things to improve my site!I assume its good enough to use some of your concepts!!

  30. I used to be recommended this blog by means of my cousin. I am not sure whether this submit is written via him as no one else recognize such unique approximately my problem. You are wonderful! Thank you!

  31. Thanks for finally writing about > %blog_title% < Liked it!

  32. As the admin of this site is working, no doubt very rapidly it will be well-known, due to its quality contents.

  33. Hi, I do think your website could be having browser compatibility issues. When I look at your web site in Safari, it looks fine however, if opening in IE, it has some overlapping issues. I just wanted to give you a quick heads up! Besides that, great blog!

  34. magnificent issues altogether, you just gained a emblem new reader. What could you suggest in regards to your post that you made a few days ago? Any positive?

  35. Hi there, I enjoy reading all of your post. I like to write a little comment to support you.

  36. Hello there, You have done a great job. I will definitely digg it and personally recommend to my friends. I am sure they will be benefited from this site.

  37. Hello would you mind letting me know which webhost you’re working with? I’ve loaded your blog in 3 completely different internet browsers and I must say this blog loads a lot quicker then most. Can you suggest a good internet hosting provider at a reasonable price? Many thanks, I appreciate it!

  38. Hi there, I log on to your blogs regularly. Your writing style is awesome, keep up the good work!

  39. Heya! I’m at work browsing your blog from my new iphone 4!
    Just wanted to say I love reading your blog and look forward to all your
    posts! Carry on the great work!

  40. You’re so cool! I don’t suppose I have read something like this before. So great to find someone with some original thoughts on this issue. Really.. thank you for starting this up. This website is something that’s needed on the web, someone with a little originality!

  41. I was recommended this blog by my cousin. I am not sure whether this post is written by him as no one else know such detailed about my difficulty. You are amazing! Thanks!

  42. Hi there to all, because I am really keen of reading this webpage’s post to be updated regularly. It consists of pleasant data.

  43. I am curious to find out what blog system you happen to be utilizing? I’m experiencing some minor security problems with my latest website and I would like to find something more safe. Do you have any suggestions?

  44. Howdy just wanted to give you a quick heads up. The text in your content seem to be running off the screen in Safari. I’m not sure if this is a format issue or something to do with internet browser compatibility but I thought I’d post to let you know. The layout look great though! Hope you get the problem solved soon. Cheers

  45. I always spent my half an hour to read this blog’s articles or reviews daily along with a cup of coffee.

  46. Hi there, just wanted to say, I liked this article. It was inspiring. Keep on posting!

  47. all the time i used to read smaller articles or reviews which also clear their motive, and that is also happening with this piece of writing which I am reading at this place.

  48. Pretty section of content. I just stumbled upon your web site and in accession capital to assert that I acquire in fact enjoyed account your blog posts. Any way I’ll be subscribing to your augment and even I achievement you access consistently fast.

  49. Hi there i am kavin, its my first time to commenting anywhere, when i read this post i thought i could also make comment due to this sensible piece of writing.

  50. I like what you guys are up too. Such clever work and exposure! Keep up the fantastic works guys I’ve incorporated you guys to my personal blogroll.

  51. Hi there, this weekend is nice designed for me, since this occasion i am reading this great informative piece of writing here at my house.

  52. Превосходный частный эротический массаж в Москве в боди салоне

  53. Greetings from Ohio! I’m bored to death at work so I decided to check out your site on my iphone during lunch break. I enjoy the knowledge you present here and can’t wait to take a look when I get home. I’m amazed at how quick your blog loaded on my cell phone .. I’m not even using WIFI, just 3G .. Anyhow, wonderful site!

  54. Hi to all, how is all, I think every one is getting more from this web site, and your views are nice in favor of new users.

  55. Write more, thats all I have to say. Literally, it seems as though you relied on the video to make your point. You definitely know what youre talking about, why waste your intelligence on just posting videos to your site when you could be giving us something enlightening to read?

  56. When someone writes an post he/she maintains the idea of a user in his/her mind that how a user can know it. So that’s why this post is amazing. Thanks!

  57. Hello there! I could have sworn I’ve been to this web site before but after going through a few of the posts I realized it’s new to me. Anyhow, I’m definitely happy I came across it and I’ll be bookmarking it and checking back regularly!

  58. Howdy, i read your blog occasionally and i own a similar one and i was just wondering if you get a lot of spam comments? If so how do you stop it, any plugin or anything you can advise? I get so much lately it’s driving me mad so any assistance is very much appreciated.

  59. I delight in, cause I found exactly what I used to be looking for. You have ended my 4 day long hunt! God Bless you man. Have a nice day. Bye

  60. Hi to all, the contents present at this website are actually awesome for people experience, well, keep up the nice work fellows.

  61. I’m not sure where you are getting your info, but good topic. I needs to spend some time learning more or understanding more. Thanks for wonderful information I was looking for this information for my mission.

  62. Thank you for another wonderful article. Where else may anyone get that kind of information in such a perfect approach of writing? I have a presentation next week, and I am at the look for such information.

  63. I know this site gives quality dependent articles and additional stuff, is there any other web site which offers such things in quality?

  64. Thank you for some other great article. Where else may anyone get that kind of information in such a perfect method of writing? I have a presentation next week, and I am at the look for such information.

  65. We are a gaggle of volunteers and starting a new scheme in our community. Your web site provided us with helpful information to work on. You have performed an impressive process and our whole community will be grateful to you.

  66. Undeniably believe that which you stated. Your favorite justification appeared to be on the net the simplest thing to be aware of. I say to you, I definitely get irked while people consider worries that they plainly do not know about. You managed to hit the nail upon the top and also defined out the whole thing without having side effect , people can take a signal. Will likely be back to get more. Thanks

  67. Whoa! This blog looks exactly like my old one! It’s on a entirely different topic but it has pretty much the same layout and design. Excellent choice of colors!

  68. I all the time used to read post in news papers but now as I am a user of internet thus from now I am using net for articles, thanks to web.

  69. There is definately a lot to know about this topic. I love all the points you’ve made.

  70. I read this article fully about the resemblance of latest and preceding technologies, it’s remarkable article.

  71. Hi mates, good piece of writing and good arguments commented here, I am really enjoying by these.

  72. Thank you, I have recently been searching for information approximately this topic for ages and yours is the best I have came upon so far. However, what about the conclusion? Are you sure about the source?

  73. What’s up friends, good piece of writing and pleasant arguments commented here, I am actually enjoying by these.

  74. Simply want to say your article is as amazing. The clearness in your post is simply nice and i can assume you are an expert on this subject. Well with your permission allow me to grab your RSS feed to keep up to date with forthcoming post. Thanks a million and please keep up the rewarding work.

  75. I am actually thankful to the owner of this website who has shared this wonderful piece of writing at at this place.

  76. Today, I went to the beach with my kids. I found a sea shell and gave it to my 4 year old daughter and said “You can hear the ocean if you put this to your ear.” She put the shell to her ear and screamed. There was a hermit crab inside and it pinched her ear. She never wants to go back! LoL I know this is entirely off topic but I had to tell someone!

  77. Hi my loved one! I want to say that this article is awesome, great written and come with almost all significant infos. I’d like to see more posts like this .

  78. I was wondering if you ever considered changing the page layout of your blog? Its very well written; I love what youve got to say. But maybe you could a little more in the way of content so people could connect with it better. Youve got an awful lot of text for only having one or two images. Maybe you could space it out better?

  79. Hello would you mind letting me know which webhost you’re utilizing? I’ve loaded your blog in 3 completely different web browsers and I must say this blog loads a lot quicker then most. Can you suggest a good web hosting provider at a reasonable price? Cheers, I appreciate it!

  80. Вы ищете надежное и захватывающее онлайн-казино, тогда это идеальное место для вас!

  81. Its like you read my mind! You seem to know so much about this, like you wrote the book in it or something. I think that you could do with some pics to drive the message home a bit, but other than that, this is magnificent blog. A great read. I’ll definitely be back.

  82. Hi there! This is my first visit to your blog! We are a collection of volunteers and starting a new initiative in a community in the same niche. Your blog provided us valuable information to work on. You have done a marvellous job!

  83. Онлайн казино отличный способ провести время, главное помните, что это развлечение, а не способ заработка.

  84. Онлайн казино радует своих посетителей более чем двумя тысячами увлекательных игр от ведущих разработчиков.

  85. Hi, I do believe this is an excellent web site. I stumbledupon it 😉 I’m going to come back once again since I bookmarked it. Money and freedom is the best way to change, may you be rich and continue to help other people.

  86. Oh my goodness! Amazing article dude! Thank you, However I am experiencing issues with your RSS. I don’t know why I am unable to subscribe to it. Is there anybody else getting identical RSS problems? Anybody who knows the solution will you kindly respond? Thanx!!

  87. This is the right site for anybody who really wants to find out about this topic. You realize so much its almost hard to argue with you (not that I actually would want toHaHa). You definitely put a new spin on a topic that has been written about for years. Excellent stuff, just great!

  88. Ищете профессионалов для устройства стяжки пола в Москве? Обратитесь к нам на сайт styazhka-pola24.ru! Мы предлагаем услуги по залитию стяжки пола любой сложности и площади, а также гарантируем быстрое и качественное выполнение работ.

  89. организации по поставке строительных материалов

  90. Хотите получить идеально ровный пол в своей квартире или офисе? Обратитесь к профессионалам на сайте styazhka-pola24.ru! Мы предоставляем услуги по устройству стяжки пола в Москве и области, а также гарантиру

  91. Ищете профессионалов для устройства стяжки пола в Москве? Обратитесь к нам на сайт styazhka-pola24.ru! Мы предлагаем услуги по залитию стяжки пола любой сложности и площади, а также гарантируем быстрое и качественное выполнение работ.

  92. На mehanizirovannaya-shtukaturka-moscow.ru вы найдете бесподобные услуги механизированной штукатурки. Экономьте время, гарантируйте себе качество.

  93. Wow that was strange. I just wrote an very long comment but after I clicked submit my comment didn’t show up. Grrrr… well I’m not writing all that over again. Anyway, just wanted to say fantastic blog!

  94. Ощутите разницу с профессиональной штукатуркой механизированная от mehanizirovannaya-shtukaturka-moscow.ru. Процесс быстрый и чистый.

  95. Good day! Do you use Twitter? I’d like to follow you if that would be ok. I’m definitely enjoying your blog and look forward to new updates.

  96. We stumbled over here coming from a different web page and thought I might as well check things out. I like what I see so now i am following you. Look forward to checking out your web page for a second time.

  97. If some one wants to be updated with most recent technologies afterward he must be pay a visit this web site and be up to date everyday.

  98. I was very happy to find this web site. I wanted to thank you for your time just for this wonderful read!! I definitely appreciated every little bit of it and I have you book marked to see new stuff on your web site.

  99. This is very interesting, You are an excessively professional blogger. I have joined your feed and sit up for in the hunt for more of your wonderful post. Also, I have shared your site in my social networks

  100. Sweet blog! I found it while browsing on Yahoo News. Do you have any tips on how to get listed in Yahoo News? I’ve been trying for a while but I never seem to get there! Appreciate it

  101. After exploring a number of the blog posts on your website, I really like your way of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark website list and will be checking back soon. Please check out my web site as well and let me know what you think.

  102. I’m gone to tell my little brother, that he should also visit this webpage on regular basis to take updated from latest information.

  103. Hi there! Do you use Twitter? I’d like to follow you if that would be ok. I’m definitely enjoying your blog and look forward to new updates.

  104. I used to be recommended this blog by means of my cousin. I am now not sure whether this submit is written through him as no one else understand such distinct approximately my problem. You are wonderful! Thank you!

  105. Excellent post. I was checking continuously this blog and I am impressed! Very useful information particularly the last part 🙂 I care for such info a lot. I was seeking this particular info for a long time. Thank you and good luck.

  106. Thank you for the auspicious writeup. It in reality was a entertainment account it. Glance complex to far added agreeable from you! By the way, how can we keep in touch?

  107. Hi to every one, it’s truly a pleasant for me to pay a visit this website, it consists of helpful Information.

  108. Amazing blog! Is your theme custom made or did you download it from somewhere? A design like yours with a few simple adjustements would really make my blog shine. Please let me know where you got your design. Thanks a lot

  109. Wow, incredible blog format! How lengthy have you ever been running a blog for?
    you make running a blog look easy. The whole look of your website
    is fantastic, let alone the content material!

  110. I like the helpful info you provide in your articles. I will
    bookmark your blog and check again here frequently.
    I am quite sure I will learn many new stuff right here!
    Good luck for the next!

  111. Отыщите азартное развлечение Lucky Jet через поисковую строку букмекера 1win и окунитесь в мир быстрых ставок!

  112. Thank you, I have recently been searching for information approximately this topic for a while and yours is the best I have came upon so far. However, what about the conclusion? Are you sure about the source?

  113. Hi fantastic blog! Does running a blog like this take a lot of work? I have no knowledge of computer programming but I was hoping to start my own blog soon. Anyways, if you have any suggestions or tips for new blog owners please share. I know this is off topic nevertheless I just had to ask. Thanks a lot!

  114. Yesterday, while I was at work, my sister stole my iphone and tested to see if it can survive a 40 foot drop, just so she can be a youtube sensation. My iPad is now broken and she has 83 views. I know this is completely off topic but I had to share it with someone!

  115. Way cool! Some very valid points! I appreciate you writing this article and the rest of the site is also very good.

  116. Can you tell us more about this? I’d like to find out more details.

  117. Wow, awesome blog format! How long have you been blogging for? you make blogging glance easy. The total glance of your web site is wonderful, let alonewell as the content!

  118. What’s Taking place i’m new to this, I stumbled upon this I have found It positively helpful and it has helped me out loads. I hope to give a contribution & aid other users like its helped me. Good job.

  119. I do agree with all the ideas you have introduced on your post. They are very convincing and will definitely work. Still, the posts are too quick for beginners. May just you please prolong them a bit from next time? Thank you for the post.

  120. Have you ever considered about including a little bit more than just your articles? I mean, what you say is fundamental and all. However think of if you added some great pictures or video clips to give your posts more, “pop”! Your content is excellent but with images and video clips, this website could undeniably be one of the greatest in its niche. Fantastic blog!

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *