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‘कश्मीरनामा’ के बहाने कश्मीर पर बात

अशोक कुमार पाण्डेय की किताब ‘कश्मीरनामा’ कश्मीर पर एक सुशोधित पुस्तक है. राजपाल एन संज प्रकाशन से प्रकाशित इस पुस्तक पर जब नॉर्वे प्रवासी डॉक्टर प्रवीण झा की यह टिप्पणी पुस्तक की समीक्षा नहीं है बल्कि इस पुस्तक के बहाने कश्मीर पर एक अच्छी टिप्पणी है- मॉडरेटर

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शायद डेढ़ वर्ष पहले मैंने मित्रों से यह प्रश्न किया कि कश्मीर विषय पर हिंदी में ग्राउंड रिपोर्ट या तथ्यपूर्ण लेख कौन लिख रहे हैं? अंग्रेज़ी में तो एम.जे. अकबर से राहुल पंडिता तक अलगअलग विचार पढ़ने को मिलते रहे हैं। लेकिन हिंदीऊर्दू में कश्मीर पर अगर नहीं लिखा जा रहा, तो यह भाषाई तौर पर ही कश्मीर को मुख्य भारत से अलग कर देता है। ख़ास कर जब कश्मीर के लोग अच्छी हिंदी बोल लेते हैं। शायद कोई विस्थापित कश्मीरी पंडित हों, जिन्होंने लिखा हो? आसानी से कोई कश्मीर के बाशिंदे हिंदी कथेतर लेखक नहीं मिले। फिर खबर हुई कि एक अशोक पांडे जी हैं, जो कश्मीर पर नियमित कॉलम लिख रहे हैं। यह बात अवश्य है कि अशोक पांडे जी हिंदी साहित्य मंडली के लिए परिचित नाम हैं, लेकिन मुझ जैसे दूर बैठे साहित्य से इतर व्यक्ति के लिए अशोक जी अजनबी ही थे। उस वक्त मैं गोपाल शास्त्री जी लिखित कल्हण राजतरंगिणी अनुवाद भी पलट रहा था, तो अशोक जी के लेख पढ़ने लगा। इस साल की शुरूआत में उनकी पुस्तककश्मीरनामाभी आ गयी, जो मैंने भारत से मंगवा ली। यह किताब पुष्यमित्र केचंपारण 1917’ के साथ नत्थी होकर आई, और वह पतली रोचक पुस्तक थी तो यूँ ही चायनाश्ते के साथ एक झटके में निपट गयी।कश्मीरनामाइसके उलट दिमागी वर्जिश कर पढ़ने वाली किताब है। यह परीकथा नहीं, गंभीर इतिहास है जिसके लिए माहौल बनाना होगा। पूर्वाग्रहों से मुक्त होकर कश्मीर को मेरी तरह देखना होगा, जिसने न कभी कश्मीर के स्वर्गसदृश धरती पर कदम रखा, न कभी कश्मीर पर अपरिपक्व विचार मन में पाले। एक नवजात शिशु की तरह कश्मीर को हाथ में थाम पहली नजर कश्मीर से मिलानी होगी। 

और यहीं शुरू होती है अशोक जी की किताब जब कश्मीर वाकई एक स्वर्ग था। मेरी शिकायत भी अशोक जी से यहीं शुरू होती है कि शिशु अभी हाथ में आया ही था कि न सिर्फ घुटनों पर चलने लगा, यह तो दौड़ने लगा। मैं कहाँ राजतरंगिणी के महाभारत काल से तरंगों में डूबना चाह रहा था, कि महज पचास पृष्ठों में ढाई हज़ार वर्ष का इतिहास निकल गया। राजा गोनंद से ज़ैनउलआब्दीन तक आने में तो युग बीते होंगे। आखिर कल्हण और जोनराज ने दो राजतरंगिणी लिख दी, और इन्होंने धड़ाधड़ निपटा दी। लेकिन अशोक जी अगर गाड़ी तेज न भगाते तो यह किताब कभी खत्म न होती, और पाठक भी किताब से तौबा कर लेते। राजतरंगिणी जिसे पढ़नी है, आठ तरंग पढ़ ले। वो तो कल्हण लिख ही गए। आगे का इतिहास लिखना ही तो आधुनिक इतिहासकारों की जिम्मेदारी है। 

और आगे के इतिहास में ही वर्तमान कश्मीर का मर्म छुपा है। इस अकेले प्रदेश ने क्याक्या न देखा? हज़ारों वर्ष के भिन्नभिन्न हिंदू राजाओं के बाद एक बौद्ध जो इस्लाम धारण कर गए, उनकी पीढ़ीयाँ गयी तो मुग़ल आए। मुग़ल गए तो अफगान, सिख और फिर डोगरा। इस मध्य इस स्वर्ग का जो दोहन हुआ, वह तो भिन्न व्यथा है। लेकिन संस्कृतियों का जो अद्भुत् समावेश हुआ, उनसे ही आखिर बना होगा कश्मीर। इस इतिहास से गुजरते नवरस आनंद है। कहीं शृंगार है, तो कहीं करूणा है। कहीं वीभत्स तो कहीं शांत। शैव, वैष्णव, बौद्ध परंपराओं से गुजरते तसव्वुफ़ (सूफ़ी) से कट्टर इस्लाम तक, कश्मीर ने सब देखा।

पाठकीय रुचि चरम पर होती है जब शेख़ अब्दुल्लाह और आजादी का समय आता है। यहीं से तमाम भ्रांतियों का निवारण भी होता है। और यहीं लेखकीय परीक्षा भी है कि निष्पक्ष रहें तो रहें कैसे? नेहरू, शेख़ अब्दुल्ला, पाकिस्तानी सियासत, पटेल, राष्ट्रवाद, जगमोहन और कश्मीरियत में कब किनका पक्ष लें? अशोक जी ने इस पुस्तक के अधिकतर पन्नों में तटस्थ रहते हुए सभी तथ्य सामने रख दिए हैं। अब गेंद हमारे पल्ले में है कि हम कश्मीर के इतिहास को या कश्मीर को कैसे देखें? कुछेक हिस्सों में जहाँ अस्पष्टता थी, उन्होंने अपने मत भी दिए हैं। दरअसल यह एक पाठक की मनोविश्लेषक क्षमता और समाज की मूलभूत समझ पर निर्भर है कि वे इस इतिहास को कैसे देखते हैं। मुझे तो यह आजादी से अब तक की पूरी कड़ी झकझोर गयी। मैं चहलकदमी करने लगा, चिंतन में डूब गया। हर घटना पर सोचता कि यह यूँ न होता, तो शायद बेहतर था। लेकिन अगर यूँ न होता, तो कुछ और होता। यह किताब शतरंज की बिसात की तरह अजीबोगरीब उलझन में डाल देती है। आज जब लोग कश्मीर समस्या पर दो टूक कहते हैं, उन्हें शायद इस पृष्ठभूमि की सतही समझ है। और इसलिए यह (और ऐसी अन्य) किताबें जरूरी हो जाती हैं।

अशोक जी ने किताब का अंत कश्मीरी पंडितों के पलायन से किया है, पर वहाँ जाकर कलम रूक गयी है कि वह अगले भाग में आएगी। मुझे यह भी खबर है कि तथ्य इकट्ठे हो रहे हैं, साक्षात्कार लिए जा रहे हैं। कश्मीर पर किताब यूँ ही नहीं लिखी जा सकती। कश्मीर पर बात भी यूँ ही नहीं की जा सकती। यह उत्तरदायित्व कलम के भगीरथ ही उठाएँ, जिनकी छाप अशोक जी में नजर तो आती ही है।

 
      

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