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सुरेंद्र मोहन पाठक की नजर से हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स का इतिहास

हाल में हिंदी प्रकाशन जगत में एक बड़ी घटना बड़ी खामोशी से हुई. पेंगुइन रैंडम हाउस और हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स प्रकाशन एक हो गई. हिंदी में पॉकेट बुक्स क्रांति लाने में हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स की बड़ी भूमिका रही है. हिंदी के सबसे लोकप्रिय लेखक सुरेन्द्र मोहन पाठक ने हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स की ऐतिहासिक भूमिका पर एक शानदार लेख लिखा है- मॉडरेटर

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हिंदी लोकप्रिय साहित्य का शायद ही कोई नया, पुराना पाठक होगा जो कि ‘हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स’ के नाम से नावाकिफ होगा. ‘हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स’ का प्रकाशन पिछली शताब्दी के छठे दशक में – सन 1958 में – आरम्भ हुआ था और ये भारत में इस प्रकार का पहला उपक्रम था. इस से पहले भारत में केवल बाहर के मुल्कों से आयी पॉकेट बुक्स ही मिलती थीं जो इंगलिश में होती थीं इसलिए हिन्दीभाषी पाठकों के लिए कोई मायने नहीं रखतीं थीं. ये वो वक़्त था जब भारत में न टीवी था, न मोबाइल था, न इन्टरनेट था और न ऐसा दूसरा कोई इलेक्ट्रॉनिक मीडिया था; तब मनोरंजन का साधन या रेडियो था या सिनेमा था. तब कथा साहित्य के नाम पर जो पुस्तकें छपती थीं, वो इतनी ज्यादा मूल्य में होती थीं कि मूल्य की वजह से ही आम पाठक की पहुँच से बाहर होती थीं. उन की खपत सिर्फ लायब्रेरियों में थी और अधिकतर पाठकों को उनकी खबर ही नहीं लगती थी. ऐसे माहौल में ‘हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स’ ने अपने छ: पुस्तकों के पहले ही सेट के साथ पुस्तक व्यवसाय में इन्कलाब ला दिया. पुस्तकें अल्पमोली थीं, लेकिन एक रुपया कीमत जितनी अल्पमोली होना तब के पुस्तकप्रेमी पाठकों को चमत्कृत करता था. हर किसी ने उन पुस्तकों को हाथोंहाथ लिया और यूँ ‘हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स’ ने अपने प्रथम प्रवेशी सेट के साथ ही पुस्तक व्यवसाय में खुद को मजबूती से स्थापित कर लिया और तदोपरांत दो महीने के अंतराल से ‘हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स’ का नया सेट नियमित रूप से पाठकों के बीच पहुँचने लगा और पुस्तकों की बिक्री के ही नहीं, त्वरित बिक्री के नए कीर्तिमान स्थापित होने लगे. ‘हिन्द’ की देखादेखी ऐसे कितने ही नए प्रकाशक पैदा हो गए लेकिन अपनी भरपूर कोशिशों के बावजूद ‘हिन्द’ की व्यवसायिक सफलता की बुलंदियों तक कोई दूसरा प्रकाशक न पहुँच सका.

‘हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स’ पहला प्रकाशन था जिसने घरेलू लायब्रेरी योजना शुरू की थी, जिस के शुरू होने के थोड़े ही वक्फे में आननफानन उसके स्थायी सदस्यों की संख्या पिचहत्तर हज़ार तक पहुँच गयी थी. ‘हिन्द’ की देखादेखी अन्य प्रकाशकों ने भी घरेलू लायब्रेरी योजना शुरू कीं लेकिन उनकी योजनाओं के सदस्यों की संख्या हजारों में होना तो दूर, हज़ार का आंकड़ा भी मुश्किल से पार कर पाती थी.

‘हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स’ की अभूतपूर्व सफलता की उसके अल्पमोली होने के अलावा ये भी वजह थी कि उसमें विविधता बहुत थी और वो सही मायनों में गंभीर साहित्य का और लोकप्रिय साहित्य का संगम था. जहाँ ‘हिन्द’ में आचार्य चतुरसेन शास्त्री, अमृता प्रीतम, शिवानी, नरेन्द्र कोहली, हरिवंश राय बच्चन, कृशन चंदर, राजेंद्र सिंह बेदी, ख्वाजा अहमद अब्बास, इस्मत चुगताई जैसे महान साहित्यकार छपे, वहां उसमें गुलशन नंदा, वेदप्रकाश शर्मा, दत्त भारती, आदिल रशीद, आप के खादिम जैसे लोकप्रिय साहित्य के झंडाबरदारों ने भी जगह पायी. खुशवंत सिंह, आर. के. नारायण, डॉक्टर राधाकृष्णन, स्वेट मोर्डेन, जेम्स एलन जैसे इंग्लिश लेखकों के हिंदी अनुवाद छपे तो सार्त्र, नीत्शे, प्लेटो, मैकियावेली, खलील जिब्रान, शेख सादी जैसे महान चिंतकों और विचारकों के हिंदी अनुवाद छपे. बच्चन जी की ‘मधुशाला’ और रविन्द्र नाथ टैगोर की ‘गीतांजलि’ के 100 से ऊपर संस्करण हुये जो कि अपने आप में एक रिकॉर्ड है.

यहाँ मैं ‘हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स’ के बुलंद किरदार की एक जुदा किस्म की मिसाल पेश करना चाहता हूँ:

‘हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स’ की सफलता और लोकप्रियता जब अपने चरम पर थी तो तब लोकप्रिय साहित्य में निर्विवाद रूप से उसी को बड़ा और मकबूल लेखक माना जाता था जो कि ‘हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स’ में छपता हो. ‘हिन्द’ में छपने वाले लेखक को कुकरमुत्तों की तरह उग आये दूसरे प्रकाशक हाथोंहाथ लेते थे. तब तक मेरे अस्सी उपन्यास छप चुके थे, कुछ रीप्रिंट भी हो चुके थे, लेकिन फिर भी मक़बूलियत के लिहाज से पॉकेट बुक्स के धंधे में बतौर लेखक मैं किसी गिनती में नहीं था. तब मैं ट्रेड के लोगों में अक्सर कहा करता था कि अगर कोई मेरा नावल ‘हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स’ में छपवा दे तो बतौर उजरत जो पैसा वहां से मिले, वो भी वो ले ले और उतनी ही रकम मैं उसे अपने पल्ले से भी दूंगा.

‘हिन्द में छपने की ख्वाइश फिर भी पूरी न हुई; किसी ने भी मेरी पेशकश को कैश न किया.

यही नहीं, एक मर्तबा डॉक्टर गोपाल दास नीरज के दिल्ली प्रवास के दौरान उनके एक स्थानीय परिचित की सिफारिश से मैं उनसे मिला और उनसे ‘हिन्द’ के स्वामी और संस्थापक दीनानाथ मल्होत्रा के नाम उनकी हस्तलिखित सिफारिशी चिठ्ठी हासिल की कि मैं एक नौजवान, उदीयमान, वगैरह वगैरह  लेखक था जिसे नीरज जी के अनुरोध पर ‘हिन्द’ में प्रकशित होने का अवसर दिया जाए.

चिठ्ठी तो मैंने हासिल कर ली लेकिन उसे लेकर ‘हिन्द’ में जाने का मेरा हौसला कभी न हुआ – पहले हौसला न हुआ, फिर गैरत ने, स्वाभिमान ने इजाजत न दी.

वो चिट्ठी आज भी मेरे पास मह्फूज है.

ये बाद दीगर है कि दस साल बाद मेरे कुछ किये बिना, अपने आप ही ऐसा इत्तफाक बना कि ‘हिन्द’ की सहयोगी संस्था ‘अभिनव पॉकेट बुक्स’ में सितम्बर 1985 और अप्रैल 1987 के बीच मेरे सात उपन्यास छपे. ‘स्टार नाईट क्लब’ अप्रैल 1987 में वहां से छपा मेरा आखिरी उपन्यास था. वो सिलसिला क्योंकर बंद हुआ, आज मुझे याद नहीं.

‘हिन्द’ के बारे में ऊपर जो कुछ मैंने दर्ज किया, उसका मकसद ये खास जानकारी पाठकों तक पहुँचाना है कि आइकानिक हिन्द पॉकेट बुक्स का स्वामित्व और प्रबंधन अब विश्व-विख्यात और सर्व-अग्रणी प्रकाशन पेन्गुइन रैंडम हाउस इंडिया के पास स्थानांतरित हो गया है और अब उम्मीद कीजिये कि इतने बड़े प्रबंधन के जेरेसाया आइन्दा हिंदी का और हिंदी पुस्तक संसार का कोई भला होगा, जो उच्चतम मापदंड कभी ‘हिन्द’ ने स्थापित किये थे, वो एक नयी आन बान और शान के साथ पुनर्स्थापित होंगे, नये आयोजन नयी बुलंदियों तक पहुंचेंगे.

सुरेंद्र मोहन पाठक

 
      

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  44. Thanks for the tips about credit repair on this blog. The thing I would advice people is usually to give up the mentality that they’ll buy at this point and fork out later. As a society all of us tend to make this happen for many factors. This includes trips, furniture, in addition to items we really want to have. However, you have to separate one’s wants from the needs. When you’re working to raise your credit ranking score you really have to make some trade-offs. For example you’ll be able to shop online to economize or you can check out second hand stores instead of highly-priced department stores regarding clothing.

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  46. I have realized some new elements from your website about pc’s. Another thing I have always considered is that laptop computers have become an item that each residence must have for several reasons. They offer convenient ways to organize the home, pay bills, go shopping, study, hear music and in some cases watch television shows. An innovative method to complete all of these tasks is to use a computer. These personal computers are mobile ones, small, powerful and lightweight.

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  48. I have seen a lot of useful items on your internet site about personal computers. However, I have the opinion that laptop computers are still not quite powerful more than enough to be a sensible choice if you often do projects that require lots of power, including video croping and editing. But for internet surfing, microsoft word processing, and the majority of other typical computer work they are okay, provided you do not mind the tiny screen size. Many thanks sharing your notions.

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